1851 Egypt, the old wall of aswan

Aswan has historically been considered one of the most important cities in southern Egypt and its southern gateway. To its south lies the First Cataract of the Nile, which formed a natural boundary between Upper Egypt and Nubia.

The city is located on the east bank of the Nile River. It is connected to Cairo by a railway, desert and agricultural roads, Nile boats, and domestic flights. It has been a UNESCO Creative City in the field of crafts and arts since 2005.

In ancient Egyptian times, Aswan was known as "Swenet," meaning "market," as it was a trading center for caravans traveling to and from Egypt.

During the Ptolemaic period, it was called "Syene," and the Egyptians later referred to it as "Yeb-Swan."

It was also known as the Land of Gold because it served as a great treasure trove or burial ground for the kings of Egypt who lived there for thousands of years.

Before the migration, Aswan's borders extended from Esna in the east to the borders of Sudan in the south. Its inhabitants were Egyptian, but after the Islamic conquest of Egypt, some Arab tribes settled there.

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